Pure Vitamin C Serum

• Disodium EDTAViscosity Controlling, Chelating Agent
• AdenosineSkin Conditioning
• Sodium PolyacrylateSkin Conditioning, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilizing, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing, Absorbent, Viscosity Controlling Agent, Skin-Conditioning Agent -Emollient
• Ananas Sativus (Pineapple) Fruit ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Brassica Oleracea Italica (Broccoli) ExtractCosmetic Astringent
• Panax Ginseng (Ginseng) Root ExtractEmollient, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Tonic, Antioxidant
• Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit ExtractSkin Conditioning, Proprietary
• Tuber Magnatum ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Lilium Tigrinum ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Paeonia Lactiflora Root ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Magnolia Liliflora Bud ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Nelumbo Nucifera (Sacred Lotus) Flower ExtractSkin Conditioning, Antioxidant
• ArginineCautionSkin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning

  Ingredient Notes

  This amino acid accelerates the growth of Malassezia in the presence of lipids. Patch testing recommended.

  EWG1

  CIRS

  References

  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3255962/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9681680
  • https://www.google.com/books/edition/Malassezia_and_the_Skin/WSKEPJNe_UEC?gbpv=1&pg=PA122
• NiacinamideSkin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Smoothing

  Ingredient Notes

  Niacinamide is a B vitamin, but not one of the B vitamins linked to Malassezia. Growth work names thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6) as increasing growth alongside a lipid, without being required for it. Thiamine is not food for the yeast: it speeds the step that turns an amino acid into the carbon skeleton it uses, and supplying that skeleton directly removes the need for thiamine entirely. B3 is not named in any of that work. We rate niacinamide safe on that evidence rather than treating the whole B group as one risk, and nothing we hold shows it treats fungal acne either.

  EWG1

  CIRS

  References

  • https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03616-3_4
  • https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-58-14895
  • https://doi.org/10.1007/s004030050304
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5605215/
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/dth.12481
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25399625/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724370/
• 1,2-HexanediolSolvent
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)Skin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Antioxidant, Ph Adjuster, Buffering Agent
• Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Root ExtractSkin Conditioning

Packaging and formulations can change. Always verify the live box, bottle, or retailer ingredient list before use.