Breakout Defence + Age Repair Oil-Free Antioxidant Serum

• WaterSolvent
• CyclopentasiloxaneSolvent, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning
• PolyacrylamideAntistatic Agent, Binding Agent, Binding, Film Forming, Hair Fixing
• CyclohexasiloxaneSolvent, Skin Conditioning, Emollient, Hair Conditioning
• Copper PCASkin Conditioning, Humectant
• C13-14 IsoparaffinSolvent, Emollient
• NiacinamideSkin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Smoothing

  Ingredient Notes

  Niacinamide is a B vitamin, but not one of the B vitamins linked to Malassezia. Growth work names thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6) as increasing growth alongside a lipid, without being required for it. Thiamine is not food for the yeast: it speeds the step that turns an amino acid into the carbon skeleton it uses, and supplying that skeleton directly removes the need for thiamine entirely. B3 is not named in any of that work. We rate niacinamide safe on that evidence rather than treating the whole B group as one risk, and nothing we hold shows it treats fungal acne either.

  EWG1

  CIRS

  References

  • https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03616-3_4
  • https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-58-14895
  • https://doi.org/10.1007/s004030050304
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5605215/
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/dth.12481
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25399625/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724370/
• Laureth-7Surfactant, Emulsifying
• Polysilicone-11Film Forming
• Aminobutyric AcidHair Conditioning
• Panax Ginseng (Ginseng) Root ExtractEmollient, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Tonic, Antioxidant
• Beta-GlucanSkin Conditioning, Bulking Agent
• PhenoxyethanolFragrance, Preservative
• Barium SulfateOpacifying, Cosmetic Colorant
• GlycerinSolvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

  Ingredient Notes

  In a lab study, Malassezia was unable to grow on glycerin without the presence of fatty acids in the agar, indicating that it is not a fungal acne trigger.

  EWG2

  CIRS

  References

  • https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Glycerol
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18510666
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11301638
  • https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/3/45
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29737895
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4128616
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC118058/
  • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022202X15498574
  • http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZHYY201307007.htm
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25134312/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137500/
• Centella Asiatica (Gotu Kola) ExtractSkin Conditioning, Cleansing, Soothing, Tonic, Smoothing, Antioxidant
• Sodium MetabisulfiteAntioxidant, Reducing, Preservative
• Portulaca Oleracea ExtractAntioxidant, Anti-Microbial, Anti-Inflammatory, Skin Conditioning
• Dimethylmethoxy ChromanolAntioxidant
• Sodium BenzoateMasking, Fragrance, Preservative, Anti-corrosive
• EthylhexylglycerinSkin Conditioning, Deodorant

Packaging and formulations can change. Always verify the live box, bottle, or retailer ingredient list before use.