Niacinamide Brightening Toner

• WaterSolvent
• GlycerinSolvent, Perfuming, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Decreasing Agent, Hair Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Denaturant

  Ingredient Notes

  In a lab study, Malassezia was unable to grow on glycerin without the presence of fatty acids in the agar, indicating that it is not a fungal acne trigger.

  EWG2

  CIRS

  References

  • https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Glycerol
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18510666
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11301638
  • https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/6/3/45
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29737895
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4128616
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC118058/
  • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022202X15498574
  • http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTOTAL-ZHYY201307007.htm
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25134312/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5137500/
• NiacinamideSkin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Smoothing

  Ingredient Notes

  Niacinamide is a B vitamin, but not one of the B vitamins linked to Malassezia. Growth work names thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6) as increasing growth alongside a lipid, without being required for it. Thiamine is not food for the yeast: it speeds the step that turns an amino acid into the carbon skeleton it uses, and supplying that skeleton directly removes the need for thiamine entirely. B3 is not named in any of that work. We rate niacinamide safe on that evidence rather than treating the whole B group as one risk, and nothing we hold shows it treats fungal acne either.

  EWG1

  CIRS

  References

  • https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03616-3_4
  • https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-58-14895
  • https://doi.org/10.1007/s004030050304
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5605215/
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/dth.12481
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25399625/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724370/
• Butylene GlycolSolvent, Skin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscositydecreasing Agent
• 1,2-HexanediolSolvent
• Ethyl Ascorbic AcidSkin Conditioning, Antioxidant
• BetaineSkin Conditioning, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Antistatic Agent, Hair Conditioning
• ArbutinSkin Conditioning, Antioxidant
• Theobroma Cacao Seed ExtractAntioxidant
• Saccharomyces Ferment FiltrateSoothing, Moisturizer/Humectant
• Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root ExtractSkin Conditioning, Perfuming, Humectant, Antioxidant
• Astragalus Membranaceus (Huang Qi) Root ExtractSkin Conditioning, Emollient, Antioxidant
• Rehmannia Glutinosa Root ExtractSkin Conditioning
• Sodium HyaluronateSkin Conditioning, Humectant
• EthylhexylglycerinSkin Conditioning, Deodorant
• Glyceryl PolyacrylateFilm Forming
• CarbomerViscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Emulsion Stabilizing, Gel Forming
• TromethamineMasking, Fragrance, pH Adjuster, Buffering Agent
• Trisodium Ethylenediamine DisuccinateChelating Agent
• DextrinViscosity Controlling, Viscosity Increasing Agent, Binding Agent, Binding, Absorbent, Bulking Agent

Packaging and formulations can change. Always verify the live box, bottle, or retailer ingredient list before use.