AHA BHA Vitamin C Daily Toner

• Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit ExtractSkin Conditioning, Emollient
• Hylocereus Undatus (Dragon) Fruit ExtractSkin conditioning, Skin Protecting, Antioxidant
• Salix Alba (Willow) Bark WaterHair Conditioning Agent, Skin-Conditioning Agent - Occlusive, Astringent, Skin Conditioning, Soothing,Tonic
• Pyrus Malus (Apple) Fruit WaterMasking, Fragrance
• Butylene GlycolSolvent, Skin Conditioning, Masking, Fragrance, Humectant, Viscosity Controlling, Viscositydecreasing Agent
• NiacinamideSkin Conditioning, Hair Conditioning, Smoothing

  Ingredient Notes

  Niacinamide is a B vitamin, but not one of the B vitamins linked to Malassezia. Growth work names thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6) as increasing growth alongside a lipid, without being required for it. Thiamine is not food for the yeast: it speeds the step that turns an amino acid into the carbon skeleton it uses, and supplying that skeleton directly removes the need for thiamine entirely. B3 is not named in any of that work. We rate niacinamide safe on that evidence rather than treating the whole B group as one risk, and nothing we hold shows it treats fungal acne either.

  EWG1

  CIRS

  References

  • https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03616-3_4
  • https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-58-14895
  • https://doi.org/10.1007/s004030050304
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5605215/
  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/dth.12481
  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25399625/
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724370/
• 1,2-HexanediolSolvent
• Ethyl HexanediolSolvent, Fragrance
• Sodium LactateHumectant, Buffering Agent, Exfoliant, Keratolytic
• WaterSolvent
• Glycolic AcidPh Adjuster, Buffering Agent, Exfoliant
• AllantoinSkin Conditioning, Skin Protecting, Soothing, Anti-inflammatory, Keratolytic Agent
• PanthenolSkin Conditioning, Anti-static Agent, Hair Conditioning
• AdenosineSkin Conditioning
• Betaine SalicylateAntimicrobial Agent, Exfoliant, Keratolytic Agrent
• Ascorbyl GlucosideAntioxidant

Packaging and formulations can change. Always verify the live box, bottle, or retailer ingredient list before use.